In today’s class, we started with the cost of debt and computing debt ratios for companies and how to deal with hybrid securities.. If you are interested in getting updated default spreads (on the cheap or free), try the Federal Reserve site in St. Louis: fred.stlouisfed.org These are spreads on indices created by rating, updated daily. Neat, right? We then moved on to getting the base year's earnings right and explored several issues: 1. To get updated numbers, you should be using either trailing 12 month numbers or complete the current year with forecasted numbers. In either case, your objective should be to get the most updated numbers you can for each input rather than be consistent about timing. 2. To clean up earnings, you have to correct accounting two biggest problems: the treatment of operating leases as operating (instead of financial) expenses and the categorization of R&D as operating (instead of capital) expenses. The biggest reason for making these corrections is to get a better sense of how much capital has been invested in the business and how much return this capital is generating Start of the class test: www.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/pdfiles/eqnotes/tests/cftests.pdf Slides: www.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/podcasts/valUGspr21/session8slides.pdf Post class test: www.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/pdfiles/eqnotes/postclass/session8Atest.pdf Post class test solution: www.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/pdfiles/eqnotes/postclass/session8Asoln.pdf

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