Even though proteins are fundamental to life, it’s hard to predict what they look like. But two independent groups announced that they’d cracked it, and it’s all thanks to some seriously clever artificial intelligence. Hosted by: Hank Green SciShow is on TikTok! Check us out at www.tiktok.com/@scishow ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: www.patreon.com/scishow ---------- Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever: Chris Peters, Matt Curls, Kevin Bealer, Jeffrey Mckishen, Jacob, Christopher R Boucher, Nazara, charles george, Christoph Schwanke, Ash, Silas Emrys, Eric Jensen, Adam, Brainard, Piya Shedden, Alex Hackman, James Knight, GrowingViolet, Sam Lutfi, Alisa Sherbow, Jason A Saslow, Dr. Melvin Sanicas, Melida Williams ---------- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? SciShow Tangents Podcast: www.scishowtangents.org Facebook: www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: www.twitter.com/scishow Instagram: instagram.com/thescishow ---------- Sources: www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03819-2 www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01968-y science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2021/07/14/science.abj8754 www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/07/researchers-unveil-phenomenal-new-ai-predicting-protein-structures www.ipd.uw.edu/2021/07/rosettafold-accurate-protein-structure-prediction-accessible-to-all/ www.thetimes.co.uk/article/demis-hassabis-interview-the-kid-from-the-comp-who-founded-deepmind-and-cracked-a-mighty-riddle-of-science-g3v3z9b80 www.technologyreview.com/2020/11/12/1011944/artificial-intelligence-replication-crisis-science-big-tech-google-deepmind-facebook-openai/ www.technologyreview.com/2020/11/30/1012712/deepmind-protein-folding-ai-solved-biology-science-drugs-disease/ news.cancerresearchuk.org/2020/12/23/what-could-deepmind-solving-the-protein-folding-problem-mean-for-cancer-research/ www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/nov/30/deepmind-ai-cracks-50-year-old-problem-of-biology-research arstechnica.com/science/2021/07/google-details-its-protein-folding-software-academics-offer-an-alternative/ www.vox.com/future-perfect/22045713/ai-artificial-intelligence-deepmind-protein-folding deepmind.com/blog/article/alphafold-a-solution-to-a-50-year-old-grand-challenge-in-biology www.pnas.org/content/117/3/1496 emerj.com/ai-sector-overviews/deepmind-alphafold/ www.chemistryworld.com/opinion/behind-the-screens-of-alphafold/4012867.article www.dw.com/en/what-are-proteins-and-why-do-they-fold/a-55815679 www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-03348-4 www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03828-1 www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02025-4 www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/jul/22/ai-firm-deepmind-puts-database-building-blocks-life-human-protein-structure-free-online www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02037-0 www.imgt.org/IMGTeducation/Aide-memoire/_UK/aminoacids/abbreviation.html www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26830/ predictioncenter.org/casp14/doc/CASP14_press_release.html www.youtube.com/watch?v=gg7WjuFs8F4 deepmind.com/blog/article/AlphaStar-Grandmaster-level-in-StarCraft-II-using-multi-agent-reinforcement-learning deepmind.com/blog/article/alphazero-shedding-new-light-grand-games-chess-shogi-and-go www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1972/summary/ www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2020.00009/full www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7402234/ www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLsC4wlrR2A www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-02265-4 Images: commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hexokinase_ball_and_stick_model,_with_substrates_to_scale_copy.png commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35438148 wellcomecollection.org/works/u35a5ang commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Parasagittal_MRI_of_human_head_in_patient_with_benign_familial_macrocephaly_prior_to_brain_injury_(ANIMATED).gif commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Target3dsmRib_354predictedModels_CASP8.jpg commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1GZX_Haemoglobin.png www.eurekalert.org/multimedia/662832 commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Foldit_screenshot_2.jpg commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Neural_network_example.svg commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ACBP_MSM_from_Folding@home.tiff commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Structural_coverage_of_the_human_cyclophilin_family.png commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Protein_Imager_molecular_rendering_example_3_CsgFG_complex.png commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:153-PyruvateDehydrogenaseComplex_pyruvatedehydrogenase.tif commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chaperonin_1AON.png commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Protein_structure_examples.png

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