Markham interviews Dr. Sara Hastings-Simon, research fellow with the University of Calgary, about how former Premier Peter Lougheed funded the research and innovation that eventually became the SAGD process that unlocked in-site production. She argues that the Alberta government should make a similar commitment to "bitumen beyond combustion" research into hydrogen production, carbon nano-materials, and other non-combustion applications for the carbon-intense, gooey oil source.