April 29,2017 - Ignorance can be construed not only in the common sense of the word but also in immunological terms. How the immune system processes information to be able to see a foreign substance at all -- and how to distinguish friend from foe -- are questions that continue to vex immunologists. Visualization of the goings-on that enable immune cells to go about their business requires input from all sub-disciplines of the life sciences. Classification of immune cells and their functions remains a priority. Coming from a purely biochemical and molecular background, Ploegh describes his conversion to developing a more organismal perspective, drawing on the unusual properties of antibodies made by camelids, and by borrowing enzymes from the microbial world. Hidde Ploegh represents Class IV.