Materials science in the 21st century is making a world possible where buildings harvest their own energy, bridges repair themselves, and clothes increase life expectancy by monitoring health. Many possible realities are possible, each driven by different cultural and economic forces. We could find ourselves in the grip of mass migrations, with declining life expectancy, and dealing with global pollution. Which future will we choose? In this lecture, Professor Miodownik argues that only a deeper understanding of materials science will allow us to navigate the future successfully. For more Royal Society events - royalsociety.org/science-events-and-lectures/