In the early days of the space race, agency researchers in Russia and at NASA really weren't sure all what would happen to an astronaut in space. They didn't know if a human mind could handle actually seeing Earth or what would happen to the human body when exposed to long periods of weightlessness. Would their blood forget which way to pump? Would their eyeballs shift or their inner ears wig out? They sent up mice and monkeys and dogs, to see what happened, and in 1961, the Russians strapped a man to a rocket headed for orbit. Yuri Gagarin was the first person in space. The ultimate human guinea pig, he survived, becoming an international hero. Like SciShow? Want to get cool things to put on your walls, cover your torso and hold your liquids? Check out our awesome products over at DFTBA Records: dftba.com/artist/52/SciShow Or help support us by subscribing to our page on Subbable: subbable.com/scishow -- Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet? Facebook: www.facebook.com/scishow Twitter: www.twitter.com/scishow Tumblr: scishow.tumblr.com Thanks Tank Tumblr: thankstank.tumblr.com Sources for this episode: www.research.uci.edu/ora/hrpp/definition.htm www.ahrp.org/history/chronology.php www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/jenner_edward.shtml www.jenner.ac.uk/edwardjenner www.nytimes.com/2003/10/28/health/scholars-argue-over-legacy-of-surgeon-who-was-lionized-then-vilified.html www.utexas.edu/research/rsc/humansubjects/forms/hhs_decision_charts.pdf www.nytimes.com/2006/08/13/us/13inmates.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1891197/ www.npr.org/programs/morning/features/2002/jul/tuskegee/ www.iom.edu/Reports/2006/Ethical-Considerations-for-Research-Involving-Prisoners.aspx www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/timeline.htm www.nytimes.com/2009/01/18/science/18kids.html?pagewanted=all www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2011/02/27/AR2011022700988.html www.hhs.gov/ohrp/humansubjects/ www.nytimes.com/2010/06/08/opinion/08tue1.html www.hhs.gov/ohrp/archive/nurcode.html www.wma.net/en/20activities/10ethics/10helsinki/ www.nytimes.com/2010/10/02/health/research/02infect.html?_r=0 www.newscientist.com/article/dn16735-eight-scientists-who-became-their-own-guinea-pigs.html listverse.com/2008/03/14/top-10-evil-human-experiments/ www.peakri.com/history-of-anatomy/ www.nytimes.com/2008/07/01/health/research/01prof.html?pagewanted=all www.youtube.com/watch?v=FmhQkZsyPVQ www.nytimes.com/2011/04/10/opinion/10Roach.html prezi.com/omnr-h_e_nmy/using-the-dead/ www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3026179/ www.hhs.gov/ohrp/archive/nurcode.html www.columbia.edu/itc/history/rothman/COL476I5027.pdf

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