Part 5 Macedonia Bitola & Ohrid

submitted by europelmbh on 03/11/16 1

BİTOLA Bitola,also historically known as Monastir or Manastır; known also by several alternative names) is a city in the southwestern part of the Republic of Macedonia. The city is an administrative, cultural, industrial, commercial, and educational centre. It is located in the southern part of the Pelagonia valley, surrounded by the Baba and Nidže mountains, 14 km north of the Medžitlija-Níki border crossing with Greece. It is an important junction connecting the south of the Adriatic Sea with the Aegean Sea and Central Europe. It has been known since the Ottoman period as "the city of the consuls", since many European countries have consulates in Bitola. According to the 2002 census, Bitola is the second largest city in the country. Bitola is also the seat of the Bitola Municipality. Bitola is one of the oldest cities on the territory in the Republic of Macedonia. It was founded as Heraclea Lyncestis in the middle of the 4th century BC by Philip II of Macedon. During the Ottoman rule the city together with Salonica were the two reigning cities of Ottoman Rumelia.Wikipedia Manastır Şehir 1382 yılında I. Murat döneminde Timurtaş Bey tarafından Türk topraklarına katılmıştır. Balkan Savaşları sonucunda (1912 yılında) Manastır, Osmanlı idaresinden çıkmıştır. 530 yıl Osmanlı idaresinde kalmıştır. Evliya Çelebi'nin seyahatnamesinde de belirtildiği gibi, o dönemde şehir, 3.000 hane, 20 mahalle, 900 dükkân, 70 mescit ve camiden oluşan, Rumeli vilayetinin ileri gelen şehirlerinden biridir.Balkan sinemasının ilk kameramanları olan Manaki Kardeşler'in bu şehirde çalışmaları nedeniyle şehirle ilgili, Osmanlı dönemini gösteren, çok sayıda fotoğraf ile Sultan V. Mehmet Reşat'ın Manastır ziyaretini gösteren sinema filmi de mevcuttur. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin kurucusu Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, buradaki Manastır Askerî İdadisi'nde okumuştur. Manastır, Osmanlı döneminde İttihat ve Terakki'nin de en önemli muhalif merkezlerinden biri olmuştur.

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