Why Is The Measles Virus So Contagious?SciShow is supported by Brilliant.org. Go to https://Brilliant.org/SciShow to get 20% off of an annual Premium subscription.
You might be surprised to hear that measles is 10 times more contagious than Ebola or the plague. How do epidemiologists quantify a disease's catchiness?
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Sources:
Sources:
https://web.stanford.edu/~jhj1/teachingdocs/Jones-on-R0.pdf
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/25/1/17-1901_article
https://blogs.plos.org/publichealth/2014/10/29/scariest-disease-depends-define-scary/
http://www.ghsi.ca/documents/Lipsitch_et_al_Submitted%2020050916.pdf
https://www.duo.uio.no/bitstream/handle/10852/45490/KDPlagueThesis.pdf?sequence=9
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-unforgiving-math-that-stops-epidemics/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5294980/
http://time.com/3693618/measles-contagious/
https://www.cdc.gov/measles/about/transmission.html
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/diseases/child/measles.html
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/966220-overview
https://www.cdc.gov/measles/about/faqs.html
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/01/what-does-measles-actually-do
https://cmr.asm.org/content/cmr/29/3/449.full.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4850371/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4482312/
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/transmission/index.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4169395/
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/21/10/15-0912_article
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/study-maps-how-flu-virus-moves-around-plane-180968541/
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e5d7/b306a994b40a85f845c7849d49b8321bebc5.pdf
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/08/180808134344.htm
http://www.nfid.org/idinfo/rotavirus/faqs.html
http://www.nhsborders.scot.nhs.uk/media/197851/Rotavirus-June-2014.pdf
https://books.google.com/books?id=nM_X1PTccloC&pg=PA102&lpg=PA102&dq=chickenpox+%22r0%22&source=bl&ots=dDCneyvKda&sig=ACfU3U2ypHtqjhe1VQ5r7vTlyxrFf9yuww&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwif4aOp0KjgAhWZ14MKHSJUCsEQ6AEwD3oECFUQAQ#v=onepage&q=chickenpox%20%22r0%22&f=false
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722564/
http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/diseases/varicella/chknpxfacts.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1802755/
http://www.malaria.com/questions/malaria-contagious-spread
https://web.stanford.edu/~jhj1/teachingdocs/Jones-on-R0.pdf
Biotechnology: Crash Course History of Science #40The history of discovering what DNA is, what it looks like, and how it works is... complicated. But, in this episode of History of Science, Hank Green does his best to lay out the basics so we can understand the beginnings of Biotechnology.
***
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Do Humans Have an Internal Compass?Research has found human brains can pick up on rotations of geomagnetic-strength fields as evidenced by drops in alpha wave power following stimulus. For more, see https://ve42.co/magneto
Huge thanks to:
Prof. Shinsuke Shimojo, Connie Wang, and Isaac Hilburn, plus Prof. Joe Kirschvink. Their lab: https://ve42.co/maglab
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Additional filming by Whitney Clavin
Can you solve the unstoppable blob riddle? - Dan FinkelA shooting star crashes onto Earth and unleashes a hideous, rampaging blob. Can you stop it from destroying the planet?
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A shooting star crashes onto Earth and a hideous blob emerges. It creeps and leaps, it glides and slides. It’s also unstoppable: no matter what you throw at it, it just re-grows and continues its rampage. The only way to save the planet is to cut the entire blob into precise acute triangles while it sleeps, rendering it inert. Can you stop the blob from destroying the planet? Dan Finkel shows how.
Lesson by Dan Finkel, directed by Artrake Studio.
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Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Anna-Pitschna Kunz, Tim Armstrong, Erika Blanquez, Ricki Daniel Marbun, zjweele13, Judith Benavides, Ken, Caitlin de Falco, James Bruening, Michael Braun-Boghos, Ricardo Diaz, Kack-Kyun Kim, Alexandrina Danifeld, Danny Romard, Yujing Jiang, Stina Boberg, Mariana Ortega, Anthony Wiggins, Hoai Nam Tran, David Petrovič, Lowell Fleming, Anuj Tomar, Sunny Patel, Vijayalakshmi, Devesh Kumar, Uday Kishore, Aidan Forero, Leen Mshasha, Allan Hayes, Thomas Bahrman, Vaibhav Mirjolkar, Tony, Michelle, Katie and Josh Pedretti, Erik Biemans, Gaurav Mathur, Sameer Halai, Hans Peng, Tekin Gültekin, Hector Quintanilla, Raheem, Penelope Misquitta, Ravi S. Rāmphal, Fahad Nasser Chowdhury, Marin Kovachev, Roman Pinchuk, Maria Lerchbaumer, Edgar Campos Barrachina, Dianne Palomar, The Brock, Curtis Light and Ernest Chow.
6 Natural Medicines (Maybe) Used by Animals | ZoopharmacognosySciShow is supported by Brilliant.org. Go to https://Brilliant.org/SciShow to get 20% off of an annual Premium subscription.
There have been reports of animals medicating themselves to treat illnesses, but according to the research, you shouldn't go to a non-human pharmacist just yet.
Hosted by: Hank Green
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Sources:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/een.12110
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Thierry_Lefevre2/publication/236196965_Self-Medication_in_Animals/links/00b49530f14d70a90b000000/Self-Medication-in-Animals.pdf
https://sci-hub.tw/10.1002/j.2326-1951.1994.tb03752.x
http://darwin.biology.utah.edu/pubshtml/PDF-Files/17.pdf
Fruit Flies
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3760715/
https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(12)00075-9?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982212000759%3Fshowall%3Dtrue
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16023239
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2012/02/20/flies-drink-alcohol-to-medicate-themselves-against-wasp-infections/
Chimps and Aspilia
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michael_Huffman/publication/225938467_Self-induced_Increase_of_Gut_Motility_and_the_Control_of_Parasitic_Infections_in_Wild_Chimpanzees/links/02bfe50e77c3300bd0000000/Self-induced-Increase-of-Gut-Motility-and-the-Control-of-Parasitic-Infections-in-Wild-Chimpanzees.pdf
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg15120442-500-science-clean-sweep-for-leaf-eating-chimps/
Colobus and Charcoal
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1026341207045#citeas
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1026324703410
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269277107_Diverse_Ecological_Roles_of_Plant_Tannins_Plant_Defense_and_Beyond
https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+831
Why Your Newsfeed SUCKS - Smarter Every Day 212Seriously, if you can't tell if something on the internet is fact or fiction, tag @MediaWise and use the hashtag → #IsThisLegit ←and they'll help you figure it out. Click here if you're interested in subscribing: http://bit.ly/Subscribe2SED
⇊ Click below for more links! ⇊
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GET SMARTER SECTION
Here's a great poster of the 3 Questions to ask yourself before you share something online:
https://sheg.stanford.edu/civic-online-reasoning/classroom-poster
If you see content you’re not sure about, tag it with #isthislegit and the MediaWise team will help you figure out if it’s real.
Play with Ben Eater's OODA Loop simulation here:
https://eater.net/ooda-loop
Learn about the OODA Loop here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OODA_loop
Developed by COL John Boyd:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Boyd_(military_strategist)
More about MediaWise:
MediaWise is led by The Poynter Institute (https://www.poynter.org/) in partnership with the Stanford History Education Group (SHEG https://sheg.stanford.edu/), the Local Media Association (LMA https://www.localmedia.org/) and the National Association for Media Literacy Education (NAMLE https://namle.net/ ). It is part of the Google News Initiative (https://newsinitiative.withgoogle.com/) and funded by Google.org. The program aims to teach 1 million teenagers how to learn fact from fiction on the internet by 2020, with at least half of them coming from underserved or low-income communities.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The thought is it my efforts making videos will help educate the world as a whole, and one day generate enough revenue to pay for my kids college education. Until then if you appreciate what you've learned in this video and the effort that went in to it, please SHARE THE VIDEO!
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Colorfully Camouflaging Cuttlefish are ColorblindGo to https://curiositystream.com/SciShow to start streaming Dazzle: The Hidden Story Of Camouflage. Use the promo code ‘scishow’ during the sign-up process to get your first 30 days free.
Hosted by: Hank Green
SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at https://www.scishowtangents.org
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Sources:
https://www.pnas.org/content/108/22/9148.short
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2011-05/mbl-hca051611.php
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/cephalopod-camouflage-cells-and-organs-of-the-144048968
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283874370_Rapid_adaptive_camouflage_in_cephalopods
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2016.00618/full
https://www.nature.com/articles/1821288a0
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042698905004943
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/218/10/1596
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsbl.2010.0223
https://www.jstor.org/stable/1536813?read-now=1&seq=5#metadata_info_tab_contents
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2015/05/20/octopuses-and-maybe-squid-can-sense-light-with-their-skin/
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23931980-200-the-colour-blind-octopus-that-mastered-the-art-of-disguise/
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/07/how-colorblind-cuttlefish-may-see-living-color
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/cephalopod-camouflage-cells-and-organs-of-the-144048968
https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/07/01/1524578113.abstract
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3eb7/80b34de0b065f8ceda970e9a6cb6cadfd0c7.pdf
Ketamine Gets Controversial FDA Approval for Depression Treatment | SciShow NewsThe FDA has approved a whole new class of antidepressant, and ultrasounds might be far more useful than we thought.
Hosted by: Hank Green
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The Plastic Ratio - NumberphileEd Harris discusses the plastic ratio - more amazing than the golden ratio? You decide!
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The Truth About That Fish That Climbs Into UrethrasIf you’ve ever heard stories of a naughty little fish with a penchant for swimming up urethras, don’t believe the hype—these tiny Amazonian catfish are just victims of a very old rumor mill.
Hosted by: Michael Aranda
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Sources:
https://academic.oup.com/jtm/article/20/2/119/1881714
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2387969?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1011081027565
http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160104-does-the-candiru-fish-really-eat-human-penises
https://www.americanjournalofsurgery.com/article/S0002-9610(30)90912-9/pdf
https://bioone.org/journals/copeia/volume-2003/issue-2/0045-8511(2003)003%5b0419%3aBR%5d2.0.CO%3b2/Candiru-Life-and-Legend-of-the-Bloodsucking-Catfishes/10.1643/0045-8511(2003)003[0419:BR]2.0.CO;2.pdf
https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Vandellia_cirrhosa/
https://books.google.com/books?id=hB6nqQCPKBoC&pg=PA382&lpg=PA382&dq=urethra+male+human+diameter&source=bl&ots=ZyHEkV4val&sig=ACfU3U0YHxR0yEVGjPTCkTsK9YdQDLUXFw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiE5tyirofgAhVRwZ8KHVDnAQM4FBDoATAAegQICRAB#v=onepage&q=urethra%20male%20human%20diameter&f=false
http://discovermagazine.com/2014/julyaug/18-body-of-work
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/salmon-running-the-gauntlet-salmon-fact-sheet/6558/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/photos/scariest-freshwater-animals/#/42554.jpg
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/blogs/national-museum-of-natural-history/2018/07/30/discovery-and-danger-shocking-fishes-amazons-final-frontier/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2005/07/shark-attack-threats-bull-sharks-location/
https://books.google.com/books?id=G03t9cWFRSsC&pg=PA276&lpg=PA276&dq=candiru+width&source=bl&ots=vLcOYVNG6P&sig=ACfU3U09sULdjJS3dEHAPOspI9C1ZZboaQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjkkdO39ZXgAhVDx1QKHX7ZBL44ChDoATAJegQIABAB#v=onepage&q&f=false
----------
Images:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vandellia.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Encontro_das_%C3%81guas_-_Manaus.jpg
How the Leaning Tower of Pisa Was Saved: Crash Course Engineering #40This week we’re going underground to explore geotechnical and seismic engineering. We’ll look at how structures connect to the ground and transmit loads through their foundations, and how those foundations need to provide a high bearing capacity. We’ll see how properties of the soil, like shear strength, affect bearing capacity. We’ll also consider happens when the ground experiences stress from seismic activity and how seismic engineers work to counteract those effects.
Crash Course Engineering is produced in association with PBS Digital Studios: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1mtdjDVOoOqJzeaJAV15Tq0tZ1vKj7ZV
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Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse
Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Eric Prestemon, Sam Buck, Mark Brouwer, Bob Doye, Jennifer Killen, Naman Goel, Nathan Catchings, Brandon Westmoreland, dorsey, Indika Siriwardena, Kenneth F Penttinen, Trevin Beattie, Erika & Alexa Saur, Glenn Elliott, Justin Zingsheim, Jessica Wode, Tom Trval, Jason Saslow, Nathan Taylor, Brian Thomas Gossett, Khaled El Shalakany, SR Foxley, Sam Ferguson, Yasenia Cruz, Eric Koslow, Caleb Weeks, Tim Curwick, D.A. Noe, Shawn Arnold, Malcolm Callis, William McGraw, Andrei Krishkevich, Rachel Bright, Jirat, Ian Dundore
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The Biggest Lie About Climate ChangeYou were lied to about climate change.
Listen to our podcast Sidenote! https://youtu.be/GQVKvU25Ojk
How tall can a tree grow? - Valentin HammoudiWhat makes a tree grow tall? And do trees ever stop growing? Explore how photosynthesis and gravity can affect and limit the height of trees.
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Reaching heights of over 100 meters, Californian sequoias tower over Earth’s other 60,000 tree species. But even these behemoths seem to have their limits: no sequoia on record has been able to grow taller than 130 meters. So what exactly is stopping these trees from growing taller, forever? Valentin Hammoudi investigates why trees have limited heights.
Lesson by Valentin Hammoudi, directed by Doug Alberts.
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Invasive Plants & Restoration Ecology | SciShow Talk ShowToday Hank talks with Dr. Cara Nelson about invasive plants that use toxic chemicals and rapid reproduction to outcompete native plants, and Jessi brings some adorable invasive birds. Dr. Nelson is a professor of Restoration Ecology at the W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana.
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Why You Need Trust to Do Business: Crash Course Business - Soft Skills #1This series is sponsored by Google.
Welcome to a new Crash Course series! Join Evelyn from the Internets as she hosts this 17 episode series on Soft Skills, which is going to be all about learning to be in a working environment, applying for jobs, interviewing, and so much more. In this episode, we start by talking about why "Trust" is so important in Business.
You can check out Evelyn's channel here: https://www.youtube.com/user/spicyeve
***
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Why Smoking Makes It Harder to HealIf a doctor has told you to quit smoking, that's not just because they're worried about lung cancer. Those cigarettes are messing up your body's natural healing process in more ways than one.
Hosted by: Olivia Gordon
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Social Media: Crash Course Navigating Digital Information #10Today, in our series finale, we're going to talk about the great white whale of navigating online information: your social media feed. Social media shapes both our online and offline behaviors from how we engage in communities and consume goods and services to influencing our thoughts and opinions. So let's talk about how they really function - the good stuff and also the terrible stuff.
We know that navigating our current information environment can be frustrating, and we hope this series has helped you develop the habits to navigate our digital world a bit more confidently. Thanks so much for watching!
Read more about YouTube's effort to improve recommendations here:
https://youtube.googleblog.com/2019/01/continuing-our-work-to-improve.html
Special thanks to our partners from MediaWise who helped create this series:
The Poynter Institute
The Stanford History Education Group (sheg.stanford.edu)
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MediaWise is supported by Google.
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How Flexible Machines Could Save The WorldCompliant mechanisms have lots of advantages over traditional devices. SimpliSafe is awesome security. It's really effective, easy to use, and the price is great. Check out SimpliSafe here: https://simplisafe.com/veritasium
I visited the Compliant Mechanisms Research group at Brigham Young University and spoke to Professor Larry Howell:
https://www.compliantmechanisms.byu.edu
At the above link, you can download 3D-print files to make some of the objects in the video, plus learn more about compliant mechanisms.
What I learned about compliant mechanisms I summarize in the 8 P's of compliant mechanisms:
1. Part count (reduced by having flexible parts instead of springs, hinges)
2. Productions processes (many, new, different enabled by compliant designs)
3. Price (reduced by fewer parts and different production processes)
4. Precise Motion (no backlash, less wear, friction)
5. Performance (no outgassing, doesn't require lubricant)
6. Proportions (reduced through different production processes)
7. Portability (lightweight due to simpler, reduced part count designs)
8. Predictability (devices are reliable over a long period of time)
Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
Donal Botkin, James M Nicholson, Michael Krugman, Nathan Hansen, Ron Neal, Stan Presolski, Terrance Shepherd
Animation by Alan Chamberlain
42 is the new 33 - Numberphile42 is the only remaining (eligible) number below 100 which has not been represented as the sum of three cubes... 33 was cracked by Andrew Booker from the University of Bristol.
More links & stuff in full description below ↓↓↓
The original 33 video: https://youtu.be/wymmCdLdPvM
The 74 cracked video: https://youtu.be/_-M_3oV75Lw
Casting out nines: https://youtu.be/FlndIiQa20o
Andrew Booker's webpage: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/maths/people/andrew-r-booker/overview.html
Some of the papers we referenced...
Undecidability in number theory: http://www-math.mit.edu/~poonen/papers/h10_notices.pdf
The density of zeros of forms for which weak approximation fails: http://eprints.maths.ox.ac.uk/156/
Solutions of the Diophantine Equation: x^3+y^3+z^3=k: https://doi.org/10.1112/jlms/s1-30.1.101
Solutions of the Diophantine Equation x^3 + y^3 = z^3 - d: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2003763
Newer sums of three cubes: https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.07746
Early write-up of Booker's work: https://people.maths.bris.ac.uk/~maarb/papers/cubesv1.pdf
Discuss this video on reddit: https://redd.it/b0ax2o
Numberphile is supported by the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI): http://bit.ly/MSRINumberphile
We are also supported by Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation initiative dedicated to engaging everyone with the process of science. https://www.simonsfoundation.org/outreach/science-sandbox/
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Harvey Milk's radical vision of equality - Lillian FadermanLearn about the life and tragic death of gay rights pioneer Harvey Milk, California’s first openly gay public official.
--
By 1973, Harvey Milk had already been many things: naval officer, high school teacher, bit-part actor and wandering hippie. Starting fresh in San Francisco, his belief in a more personal approach to local government led him to run for office in the heart of American gay culture, the Castro. Lillian Faderman details the tenacity and courage of California's first openly gay public official.
Lesson by Lillian Faderman, directed by Tomás Pichardo-Espaillat.
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Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! denison martins fernandes, Hashem Al, Daniel Nester, Richard A Berkley, Benjamin Chan, Dee Wei, Abdallah Absi, Denise A Pitts, Pi Guanghui, Doris, Kurt Almendras, Raymond Lee, Nicolas Silva, Tsz Hin Edmund Chan, Melvin Williams, Tirath Singh Pandher, Athena Grace Franco, Terry Minion, Mauricio Basso, Kelvin Lam, jj5252, Karlee Finch, Chumi Ogbonna, Barthélémy Michalon, Lefty McGoo, Lucas Pincerato, Mohamed Elsayed, Amin Shahril, Mihail Radu Pantilimon, Chris Thompson, Derek Drescher, Karisa Caudill, Zhong Ming Zenny Tan, Christina Salvatore, Brady Jones, Todd Gross, Alexis Hevia, Heidi Stolt, Robert Seik, Coenraad Keuning, Charles A Hershberger, Laura Cameron Keith, Abhishek Goel, Marc Bou Zeid, JY Kang, Anastasiia , Madee Lo, Arpita Singh, Karl Laius and Tu-Anh Nguyen.
Is Alkaline Water Really Better For You?A new health trend is claiming that it can rebalance your internal chemistry and help prevent cancers and bone loss, but what are the real health benefits of drinking alkaline water?
Hosted by: Olivia Gordon
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The physics of surfing - Nick PizzoWondering how you can catch the perfect wave? Dive into the fascinating and complex physics of surfing.
--
Whether or not you realize it, surfers are masters of complicated physics. The science of surfing begins as soon as a board first hits the water. Surfers may not be thinking about weather patterns in the Pacific, tectonic geology or fluid mechanics, but the art of catching the perfect wave relies on all these things and more. Nick Pizzo dives into the gnarly physics that make surfing possible.
Lesson by Nick Pizzo, directed by Wonderlust.
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Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Pavel Zalevskiy, Yankai Liu, Duo Xu, Ghassan Alhazzaa, Miloš Stevanović, Joy Love Om, Gi Nam Lee, Shawn Quichocho, Anika Westburg, Brandy Jones, Devin Harris, Tony Trapuzzano, Jason Weinstein, Kris Siverhus, Alexander Walls, Annamaria Szilagyi, Morgan Williams, Abhijit Kiran Valluri, Mandeep Singh, Sama aafghani, سلطان الخليفي, Marylise CHAUFFETON, Marvin Vizuett, Jayant Sahewal, Quinn Shen, Caleb ross, Elizabeth Cruz, Elnathan Joshua Bangayan, Mullaiarasu Sundaramurthy, Jose Henrique Leopoldo e Silva, Dan Paterniti, Jerome Froelich, Tyler Yoshizumi, Martin Stephen, Justin Carpani, Faiza Imtiaz, Khalifa Alhulail, Tejas Dc, Benjamin & Shannon Pinder, Srikote Naewchampa, Sage Curie, Exal Enrique Cisneros Tuch, Ana Maria, Vignan Velivela, Ahmad Hyari, eden sher, Travis Wehrman, Louisa Lee, Kiara Taylor and Аркадий Скайуокер.
8 Awe-Inspiring SpidersWhether it’s building bridges across rivers or solving puzzles, spiders are way cooler than you might think. Many have smart or elaborate features that allow them to do some pretty extraordinary things!
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???????????? Brexit, Briefly: REVISITED! ????????????Brexit? Is that still happening, or what?
Footnote on the EU's SECRET strategy: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=agZ0xISi40E&list=PLqs5ohhass_QREwr7tdW8gh3kLgAwX8wh&index=3
Discuss this video: http://reddit.com/r/cgpgrey
* The EU's 'SECRET' Brexit Negotiation EXPOSED ????Main video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1Yv24cM2os&list=PLqs5ohhass_QREwr7tdW8gh3kLgAwX8wh&index=2
The Most Extreme Complex Life in the WorldGo to https://CuriosityStream.com/SciShow to start streaming Underwater Wonders of the National Parks. Use the promo code ‘scishow’ during the sign-up process to get your first 30 days free.
Humans can’t go too far above or below sea level unaided, but there are some complex forms of life that CAN survive at super high elevations or in the deepest parts of the ocean.
Hosted by: Hank Green
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Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1114067/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25927169
https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/article/view/zootaxa.4358.1.7/13080
https://www.pnas.org/content/95/24/14009
https://www.pnas.org/content/111/12/4461
http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150115-extreme-divers-defy-explanation
http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150428-secrets-of-living-high-in-the-sky
https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/artful-amoeba/what-lives-at-the-bottom-of-the-mariana-trench-more-than-you-might-think/
https://www.businessinsider.com/living-in-la-rinconada-the-highest-habitable-place-on-earth-2016-12?r=UK&IR=T
http://www.coml.org/comlfiles/press/CoML_Beyond_Sunlight_11.17.2009_Public.pdf
https://www.denver.org/about-denver/denver-resources/high-altitude-tips/
http://docs.bluerobotics.com/calc/pressure-depth/
http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/AD347E/ad347e08.htm
https://io9.gizmodo.com/this-bird-is-the-highest-flier-in-the-world-guess-how-1726307298
https://www.livescience.com/25262-cameron-expedition-deepsea-life.html
https://www.livescience.com/48010-deepest-scuba-dive-record.html
https://www.livescience.com/27439-rhinos.html
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/04/deepest-life-earth-mariana-trench-astrobiology-science/
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/11/deepest-sea-fish-identified-snailfish-pseudoliparis-swirei-spd/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/oceans/photos/deep-sea-creatures/
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/03/120325-james-cameron-mariana-trench-challenger-deepest-returns-science-sub/
http://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/secrets-of-deep-diving-whales.html
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/altitude-sickness/
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2013/05/23/186302916/Mariana-Trench
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/03/world/asia/mount-everest-how-tall-nepal.html
https://www2.palomar.edu/anthro/adapt/adapt_3.htm
The Second-Ever Case of Full HIV Remission | SciShow NewsThere’s still a lot of work to be done before HIV is cured, but this week scientists reported the second-ever case of full HIV remission in a patient.
Hosted by: Hank Green
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Sources:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1027-4
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html
https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv-aids/fact-sheets/19/45/hiv-aids--the-basics
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185609/
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318091.php
http://www.leukemiabmtprogram.org/patients_and_family/treatment/blood_and_marrow_transplant/ric_transplant.html
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265135041_Shift_of_HIV_Tropism_in_Stem-Cell_Transplantation_with_CCR5_Delta32_Mutation
http://www.aidsmap.com/Receptors-co-receptors-and-immunity-to-HIV/page/1391639/
https://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/viruses101/hiv_resistant_mutation
Mass-Producing Ice Cream with Food Engineering: Crash Course Engineering #39In this episode, we looked at food engineering. We explored how food’s capacity to spoil makes it a unique challenge from an engineering viewpoint. We saw how many branches of engineering come into play to process ingredients, ensure safety for consumers, and package food, as well as how thermodynamics is involved in the different stages of food production.
Crash Course Engineering is produced in association with PBS Digital Studios: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1mtdjDVOoOqJzeaJAV15Tq0tZ1vKj7ZV
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse
Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Eric Prestemon, Sam Buck, Mark Brouwer, Bob Doye, Jennifer Killen, Naman Goel, Nathan Catchings, Brandon Westmoreland, dorsey, Indika Siriwardena, Kenneth F Penttinen, Trevin Beattie, Erika & Alexa Saur, Glenn Elliott, Justin Zingsheim, Jessica Wode, Tom Trval, Jason Saslow, Nathan Taylor, Brian Thomas Gossett, Khaled El Shalakany, SR Foxley, Sam Ferguson, Yasenia Cruz, Eric Koslow, Caleb Weeks, Tim Curwick, D.A. Noe, Shawn Arnold, Malcolm Callis, William McGraw, Andrei Krishkevich, Rachel Bright, Jirat, Ian Dundore
--
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Why Do We Need Yearly Flu Shots, but Not Measles Shots?Go to https://NordVPN.com/scishow and use code SCISHOW to get 75% off a 3 year plan. Protect yourself online today!
Unlike measles, Influenza requires a fresh shot of vaccines every year. But why?
Hosted by: Olivia Gordon
SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at https://www.scishowtangents.org
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Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow
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Bill & Katie Scholl, Adam Brainard, Greg, Alex Hackman, Andrew Finley Brenan, Sam Lutfi, D.A. Noe, الخليفي سلطان, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters
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Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4007870/
https://www.cdc.gov/measles/about/history.html
https://www.cdc.gov/measles/downloads/measlesdataandstatsslideset.pdf
https://www.pnas.org/content/109/37/14989
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5035964/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4848605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4848602/
https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(15)00471-4
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1193617/
https://www.who.int/biologicals/vaccines/measles/en/
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/vaccineeffect.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19086915
https://www.who.int/biologicals/vaccines/influenza/en/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2937864/
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/basics/past-pandemics.html
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/other/animal-flu.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3804342/
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1586/erv.12.73
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-28706-1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22308500
http://jem.rupress.org/content/208/1/181.abstract
https://jvi.asm.org/content/90/14/6549
https://jvi.asm.org/content/90/2/851
https://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.4328
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03450915
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/vaccination/effectiveness-studies.htm
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/virus-transmission.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22318394
Should You Get Lip Fillers?Kylie Jenner keeps taking her lip filler in & out, should you?
Watch AsapBODY: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLvFsG9gYFxY8KM7zRtz7o5JM48M19iSt8
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Why should you read Sylvia Plath? - Iseult GillespieExplore the haunting and intimate works of poet Sylvia Plath, who digs into issues of mental health, trauma and sexuality in works like “The Bell Jar.”
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Under her shrewd eye and pen, Sylvia Plath turned everyday objects into haunting images: a “new statue in a drafty museum,” a shadow in a mirror, a slab of soap. Her breathtaking perspectives and unflinching language made her a touchstone for readers seeking to break the silence around issues of trauma, frustration and sexuality. Iseult Gillespie shares why Plath's writing continues to captivate.
Lesson by Iseult Gillespie, directed by Sarah Saidan.
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Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! MJ Tan Mingjie, Yansong Li, Jason A Saslow, Joanne Luce, Kyle Nguyen, Taylor Hunter, Noa Shore, Lex Azevedo, Merit Gamertsfelder, Bev Millar, Rishi Pasham, Jhuval, SookKwan Loong, Bruno Pinho, Javier Aldavaz, Rodrigo Carballo, Boytsov Ilya, EdoKun, Misaki Sato, Craig Sheldon, Andrew Bosco, Catherine Sverko, Nik Maier, Mark Morris, Adi V, Peter Liu, Leora Allen, Hiroshi Uchiyama, Michal Salman, Gilly , Ka-Hei Law, Maya Toll, Ricardo Rendon Cepeda, Renhe Ji, Andrés Melo Gámez, Tim Leistikow, Shawar Khan, Chris , Megan Douglas, Barbara Smalley, Filip Dabrowski, Joe Giamartino, Clair Chen, Vik Nagjee, Karen Goepen-Wee, Della Palacios, Stephanie Perozo, Marc Bilodeau, Ivan Tsenov and Claudia Mayfield.
A Million Simulated Seasons - NumberphileHow many points do you need to win and avoid relegation from the English Premier League? See Brady's Blog for more info: http://www.bradyharanblog.com/blog/a-million-seasons
Extra video with some math details: https://youtu.be/Zs2M7gWSbTg
More links & stuff in full description below ↓↓↓
Featuring Tony Padilla and Adam Moss from the University of Nottingham. More details in the blog post: http://www.bradyharanblog.com/blog/a-million-seasons
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Stadium announcements courtesy of Jeremy Nicholas.
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What Did the First Animal Look Like?If you trace your way back along the tree of life, eventually you'd come face-to-face with the very first animal. But what exactly would that animal have looked like?
Hosted by: Stefan Chin
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Crash Course Business - Soft Skills: PreviewWe've joined with Evelyn From the Internets to bring you the first half of our series on Business. Sponsored by Google, this first series will have Evelyn sitting down and going through Soft Skills. She'll be talking about Trust, Resumes, Conflict Resolution, Interviewing, and much, much more. So join us starting next week for Crash Course Business - Soft Skills with your host, Evelyn From the Internets.
Check out Evelyn's channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/spicyeve
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17 Signs That You’d Qualify as a Witch in the 1600s | Mental Floss List Show | 527Are you a woman? Poor? Old? Do you have a funky birthmark or enjoy hanging out with friends—without a chaperone? Then you could have been accused of witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials in 1692! The people of Salem, Massachusetts had extremely rigid ideas about what kinds of behavior were appropriate—especially if you were a woman, poor, or old—and deviating from the norm in almost any way could qualify you as a witch in the 1600s.
In this week’s episode of The List Show, Erin (@erincmccarthy) shares 17 signs that you’d qualify as a witch in the 1600s. Watch this week’s episode of The List Show to find out if you could have been accused of witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials.
In case you forgot: The List Show is a trivia-tastic, fact-filled show for curious people. Subscribe here for new Mental Floss episodes every two weeks.
Click Restraint: Crash Course Navigating Digital Information #9The architecture of the social internet itself tells us not to be patient - to load more tweets, to hit refresh for new posts, and to click the top search results. But just because information is new, or algorithmically determined to be most relevant to you, doesn't necessarily mean it's the best or most accurate. So today we're going to teach you some tips to exercise a little more click restraint on the Internet.
Google rater guidelines: https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/www.google.com/en//insidesearch/howsearchworks/assets/searchqualityevaluatorguidelines.pdf
Special thanks to our partners from MediaWise who helped create this series:
The Poynter Institute
The Stanford History Education Group (sheg.stanford.edu)
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MediaWise is supported by Google.
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse
Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Eric Prestemon, Sam Buck, Mark Brouwer, Bob Doye, Jennifer Killen, Naman Goel, Nathan Catchings, Brandon Westmoreland, dorsey, Indika Siriwardena, Kenneth F Penttinen, Trevin Beattie, Erika & Alexa Saur, Glenn Elliott, Justin Zingsheim, Jessica Wode, Tom Trval, Jason Saslow, Nathan Taylor, Brian Thomas Gossett, Khaled El Shalakany, SR Foxley, Sam Ferguson, Yasenia Cruz, Eric Koslow, Caleb Weeks, Tim Curwick, D.A. Noe, Shawn Arnold, Malcolm Callis, William McGraw, Andrei Krishkevich, Rachel Bright, Jirat, Ian Dundore
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Is Australia Trying to Kill You?Australia: An entire continent so infested with deadly creepy crawlies and creatures of all kinds, it seems like it’s actively trying to kill you. But is the natural world really any more dangerous down under than anywhere else?
Hosted by: Stefan Chine
SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at https://www.scishowtangents.org
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Sources:
Living Hazards Database
“Here are the animals REALLY most likely to kill you in Australia”, Australian Geographic
"Inland Taipan", Australian Museum
“What are the world’s deadliest animals?”, BBC
A 2008 review in the scientific journal PLoS
"The truth about white-tail spiders", Australian Geographic
“World’s deadliest spider: the funnel web,” Australian Geographic
“What is the most venomous marine animal?”, National Ocean Service
“Welcome to Australia, a land of creatures out to kill you… maybe”, The Conversation
“An Update on Fatalities Due to Venomous and Nonvenomous Animals in the United States (2008–2015).” Forrester, Weiser, and Forrester 2018.
https://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/teenager-bitten-by-inland-taipan-in-hunter-valley/news-story/543cc9954faa8156b20de5c4c380756e?nk=3cf2291575e57c8ebb31bc45437592b3-1549400929
Where On Earth Do You Weigh The Most?You can learn more at https://curiositystream.com/smart
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You may have heard that a kilogram of feathers weighs the same as a kilogram of steel, but that all depends on where you weigh them. This video is all about the difference between mass and weight, and how weirdly awesome Earth’s gravity really is.
-----------
It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
Director: Joe Nicolosi
Researcher: Matt Caplan, Ph.D.
Creative Director: David Schulte
Editors/animators: Derek Borsheim
Executive Producer: Amanda Fox
Producer: Stephanie Noone
Produced by PBS Digital Studios
Music via APM
Stock images from Shutterstock http://www.shutterstock.com
How does the Rorschach inkblot test work? - Damion SearlsWhat are the origins of the Rorschach test and how does it work? Explore the inkblot tool psychologists use to test a subject’s perceptions and mental health.
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For nearly a century, ten inkblots have been used as an almost mystical personality test. Long kept confidential for psychologists and their patients, the mysterious images were said to draw out the workings of a person’s mind. But what can inkblots really tell us, and how does this test work? Damion Searls details how the Rorschach Test can help us understand the patterns of our perceptions.
Lesson by Damion Searls, directed by Kozmonot Animation Studio.
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Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Cristian Cristian, Eric McDaniel, Avinash Amarnath, Tonya Ratliff-Garrison, Dmitry Neverov, Connor Roberts, Regina Zurbano, Laurence McMillan, Monkeypatcher, Jorge Rodríguez, Bradley Heinold, John simmons, Ramanan, Mark Byers, Marcus Poulsen, Lâm Nguyễn, Uirá Maíra Resende, Sebastiaan Vleugels, Adam Foreman, Jeremy Shimanek, Bethany Connor, Vivian & Gilbert Lee, Maryam Sultan, Peng, Tzu-Hsiang, Gabriel Balsa, Shafeeq Ansari, Norbert Orgován, Dowey Baothman, Amer Harb, Courtney Thompson, Guhten, Jordan Tang, Juan, Sid, Tracey Tobkin, emily lam, Kathryn J Hammond, Elliot Poulin, Noel Situ, Oyuntsengel Tseyen-Oidov, Latora Slydell, Sydney Evans, Victor E Karhel, Bernardo Paulo, Eysteinn Guðnason, Andrea Feliz, Natalia Rico, Josh Engel, Bárbara Nazaré and Gustavo Mendoza.
3 Surprising Ways Animals Use SalivaTo humans, drool can seem pretty disgusting, but other animals use saliva in surprising ways. Here are some of the weirdest ways other animals use their spit to survive!
Hosted by: Stefan Chin
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Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5153251/
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/590961
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5153245/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/316751
The historic women’s suffrage march on Washington - Michelle MehrtensExplore how the Women’s Suffrage Parade on Washington in 1913 helped women secure the right to vote in the United States through the 19th amendment.
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On March 3, 1913, after months of strategic planning and controversy, thousands of women gathered in Washington D.C. for the Women’s Suffrage Parade -- the first mass protest for a woman’s right to vote. Michelle Mehrtens details how the march rejuvenated the fight for the 19th amendment.
Lesson by Michelle Mehrtens, directed by WOW-HOW Studio.
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View full lesson: https://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-historic-women-s-suffrage-march-on-washington-michelle-mehrtens
Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Zhexi Shan, Hugo Legorreta, PnDAA, Sandra Tersluisen, Ellen Spertus, Fabian Amels, sammie goh, Mattia Veltri, Quentin Le Menez, Yuh Saito, Heather Slater, Dr Luca Carpinelli, Janie Jackson, Christophe Dessalles, Arturo De Leon, Eduardo Briceño, Bill Feaver, Ricardo Paredes, David Douglass, Paul Coupe, Jen, Megan Whiteleather, Mayank Kaul, Ryohky Araya, Tan YH, Ph.D., Brittiny Elman, Ruth Fang, Alex Schenkman, Ivan Todorović, Yanuar Ashari, Mrinalini, Anthony Kudolo, Scott Gass, Querida Owens, Hazel Lam, Manav parmar, Dwight Tevuk, Siamak H, Dominik Kugelmann, Mary Sawyer, David Rosario, Samuel Doerle, Susan Herder, Savannah Scheelings, Prasanth Mathialagan, Yanira Santamaria, Dawn Jordan, Kevin Wong, Goh Xiang Ting Diana and Cristóbal Moenne.
All the Numbers - NumberphileMatt Parker talks about numbers - as he often does. His book "Humble Pi" is at: http://bit.ly/Humble_Pi
More links & stuff in full description below ↓↓↓
Numberphile podcast is on your podcast player.
Or the website is: https://www.numberphile.com/podcast
And it's on YouTube too: http://bit.ly/Numberphile_Pod_Playlist
The Knight's Tour T-Shirt is in our Teespring store: https://teespring.com/stores/numberphile
A bit of extra footage from this interview: https://youtu.be/LsBQhfkw5ag
More videos with Matt: http://bit.ly/Matt_Videos
Transcendental Numbers with Simpon Pampena: https://youtu.be/seUU2bZtfgM
The Mile of Pi: https://youtu.be/0r3cEKZiLmg
Numberphile is supported by the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI): http://bit.ly/MSRINumberphile
We are also supported by Science Sandbox, a Simons Foundation initiative dedicated to engaging everyone with the process of science. https://www.simonsfoundation.org/outreach/science-sandbox/
And support from Math For America - https://www.mathforamerica.org/
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Yes we went for the sometimes English spelling constructable... Constructible is more common and probably better!
6 Animals That Have Evolved to StealAnimals have evolved a variety of ways to survive—including outright theft.
Hosted by: Michael Aranda
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Sources:
Dewdrop Spiders
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/205/4411/1149
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3c2f/fd8ca9f5e44df19d89b6fd048dd68af794e9.pdf
http://araneae.thu.edu.tw/lib/publications_lib_pdf/1998_Tso_IM__Severinghaus_LL.pdf
https://bioone.org/journals/invertebrate-systematics/volume-28/issue-4/IS14010/Evolution-of-host-use-group-living-and-foraging-behaviours-in/10.1071/IS14010.short
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-zoology/article/statedependent-prey-t
ype-preferences-of-a-kleptoparasitic-spider-argyrodes-flavescens-araneae-theridiidae/605D4F2B7784D03C654BA2FF803FB474
Fork-tailed Drongos
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2010.1932
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/344/6183/513
Cuckoo bees
http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/2902/N3349.pdf?sequence=1
http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/5058/N3029.pdf?sequence=1
http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/2926/v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/nov/N3309.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
https://academic.oup.com/aesa/advance-article/doi/10.1093/aesa/say031/5115643
https://entomologytoday.org/2018/10/29/cuckoo-bumble-bees-cheating-ways/
Mouth-Diving Snails:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/238451301_Sneaky_snails_and_wasted_worms_Kleptoparasitism_by_Trichotropis_cancellata_Mollusca_Gastropoda_on_Serpula_columbiana_Annelida_Polychaeta
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00442-003-1467-1
http://natuurtijdschriften.nl/download?type=document;docid=596852
Plant-robbing Flies
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0153900
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2087352-carnivorous-plant-conned-out-of-a-meal-by-cunning-fly-larvae/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/5718?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
Bartering Macaques
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2132748-monkey-mafia-steal-your-stuff-then-sell-it-back-for-a-cracker/
https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10329-017-0611-1
https://jbleca.webs.com/robbingbartering.htm
----------
Images:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kleptoparasitic_Spider_-_Flickr_-_treegrow_(2).jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dicrurus_adsimilis-01.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cuckoo_bee_(Nomada_sp).jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/118037005@N06/23881829480/
https://i420.photobucket.com/albums/pp281/MPassage/Gods%20Pocket%20August%202015/Molluscs%20and%20Others%20from%20BC/20.%20Checkered%20hairy%20snail%20DSC_2416_zps76je9oga.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/118037005@N06/23881829480/
https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/18948294
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA-%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4_(Macaca_fascicularis)_2.JPG
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fork-tailed_Drongo,_Dicrurus_adsimilis,_at_Mapungubwe_National_Park,_Limpopo,_South_Africa_(18839328671).jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meerkat_in_Namibia.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sleeping_Melecta_01_(MK).jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fork-tailed_Drongo,_Dicrurus_adsimilis,_at_Mapungubwe_National_Park,_Limpopo,_South_Africa_(18214043114).jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/treegrow/7868013190
https://www.flickr.com/photos/chidorian/3670256482
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fork-tailed_Drongo_(Dicrurus_adsimilis)_2.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meerkat_(Suricata_suricatta)_Tswalu.jpg
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dkeats/15585613955/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/berniedup/31655330124
https://www.flickr.com/photos/sumarieslabber/36785164832
https://www.flickr.com/photos/vipinbaliga/14059008450
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pasites_maculatus,_f,_pakistan,_face_2014-11-02-01.46.02_ZS_PMax_(15786919381).jpg
https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/8711493
https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/29067
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spiralis_w-Victim_(12558642363).jpg
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0153900
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ymYDfHXq4S0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhqKux-liGk
The Future of War, and How It Affects YOU (Torpedo/Missiles vs Ship) - Smarter Every Day 211It's a strange feeling to share this aspect of my life. I'm taking a break to go back to school, but here's a peek into the part of my life I've kept hidden from the internet for many years. I was asked if I wanted to film my last mission and use it as an opportunity to explain "Multi-Domain Operations" to the public. After much consideration, I decided that this topic (especially the cyber-domain issue) was important and chose to help inform the public.
My mission was to participate in a missile and torpedo engagement exercise at Pacific Missile Range Facility as part of RIMPAC 2018. RIMPAC (Rim of the Pacific Exercise) is the largest naval exercise in the world. It's used to test interoperability and the ability to work as an international force.
Click here if you're interested in subscribing: http://bit.ly/Subscribe2SED ⇊ Click below for more links! ⇊
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GET SMARTER SECTION
I was invited to discuss multi-domain operations with General Brown: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Brooks_Brown
Where we performed the exercise
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Missile_Range_Facility
We fired the Norwegian Naval Strike Missile
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Strike_Missile
JGSDF Fires Surface-to-Ship Missile during RIMPAC SINKEX
https://www.dvidshub.net/image/4557687/jgsdf-fires-surface-ship-missile-during-rimpac-sinkex
For the last 15 years I have worked for the Army Test Evaluation Command. My favorite thing about ATEC is that our motto is simply "Truth".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_Test_and_Evaluation_Command
I served for 15 years as a Department of the Army Federal Civil Servant at The Redstone Test Center.
Multi-Domain Operations
U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command
https://www.tradoc.army.mil/
I coordinated this mission with U.S. Army Pacific Command
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_Pacific
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Footage contained in this video has been reviewed and is approved
for public release in accordance with DoD Directive 5230.09.
The views and opinions of the narrator do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Army. Filmed at RIMPAC 2018, Edited 2019
Tweet Ideas to me at:
http://twitter.com/smartereveryday
Smarter Every Day On Instagram
http://www.instagram.com/smartereveryday
Smarter Every Day SubReddit
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The thought is it my efforts making videos will help educate the world as a whole, and one day generate enough revenue to pay for my kids college education. Until then if you appreciate what you've learned in this video and the effort that went in to it, please SHARE THE VIDEO!
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Why Your Shower Curtain is So Annoyingly ClingyThe shower isn't supposed to be a dangerous place, but once you turn on the water, you might be attacked by your shower curtain. But don't blame the curtain! Blame physics!
Hosted by: Olivia Gordon
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New 8-Letter DNA Rewrites the Genetic Code | SciShow NewsScientists have successfully created synthetic DNA with twice as many base pairs as normal, with potential implications in medicine, data storage, and even understanding how life could evolve elsewhere in the universe.
Hosted by: Stefan Chin
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Sources:
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/aaft-h-e021919.php
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/363/6429/884
https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-funded-research-creates-dna-like-molecule-to-aid-search-for-alien-life
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/suppl/2019/02/20/363.6429.884.DC1/aat0971_Hoshika_SM.pdf
http://www.ffame.org/downloads/Hachimoji_PressRelease_FfAME_20190221.pdf
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00650-8
https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/dnas-coding-power-doubled-65499 https://gizmodo.com/freaky-eight-letter-dna-could-be-the-stuff-aliens-are-m-1832823430
http://www.ajnr.org/content/35/1/1.full
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/basics/dna
https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/james-watson-francis-crick-maurice-wilkins-and-rosalind-franklin
http://www.whatislife.ie/downloads/What-is-Life.pdf
https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/rna-polymerase-106
https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/eight-letter-genetic-code-hints-at-how-alien-life-might-evolve/3010145.article
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.5b02251
http://www.reach-unlimited.com/p/1257785612/dna-as-biomolecular-data-storage-medium
https://slate.com/technology/2013/02/dna-testing-richard-iii-how-long-does-dna-last.html
http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/d-brief/2017/11/30/dna-base-pair-codon-artificial/
https://www.ethz.ch/en/news-and-events/eth-news/news/2015/02/data-storage-for-eternity.html
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/337/6102/1628.full https://newatlas.com/book-dna-data-storage/23848/
----------
Images:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ADN_animation.gif
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hachimoji_DNA_base_pairs.svg
The Problem With ConcreteThis video is in partnership with Bill and Melinda Gates. You can check out the Gates Annual Letter here: https://b-gat.es/2GxIwba
Concrete is responsible for 8% of humanity’s carbon emissions because making its key ingredient - cement - chemically releases CO2, and because we burn fossil fuels to make it happen.
Thanks to our Patreon patrons https://www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth and our YouTube members.
___________________________________________
To learn more, start your googling with these keywords:
Portland cement - the most common type of cement used worldwide, made with limestone
Limestone - a hard sedimentary rock, composed mainly of calcium carbonate (which is also in shells & eggs)
Cement - a powder used in construction that’s made by grinding clinker with other minerals and mixing with water to form a paste that sticks to sand, gravel or crushed stone to make concrete
Concrete - a building material made by mixing cement with water to form a paste that gains body through fillers like sand and gravel
Clinker - an intermediate marble-sized product in cement production created by sintering limestone with clay and other things
Sinter - to turn a powdery solid into a single mass by heating it without liquefaction
Mortar - another building material (used to adhere bricks or stones together) made by mixing cement with water and sand
Calcination - the process of heating a substance to a high temperature, but below its melting point, so it thermally decomposes (like limestone into lime & CO2)
Process emissions - the name for the CO2 that comes from limestone when it thermally decomposes
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With Contributions From: Henry Reich, Kate Yoshida, Ever Salazar, Peter Reich, Arcadi Garcia Rius
Music by: Nathaniel Schroeder: http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder
___________________________________________
References:
Andrew, R. M. 2018. Global CO2 emissions from cement production. Earth System Science Data, 10(1), 195. https://www.earth-syst-sci-data.net/10/195/2018/essd-10-195-2018.pdf
Benhelal, E., et al. 2013. Global strategies and potentials to curb CO2 emissions in cement industry. Journal of cleaner production, 51, 142-161. http://www.academia.edu/download/39977040/1-s2.0-S0959652612006129-main.pdf
Beyond Zero Emissions. August 2017. Zero Carbon Industry Plan: Rethinking Cement. Available for download at http://bze.org.au
Davis, S.J., et al. 2018. Net-zero emissions energy systems. Science, 360(6396), eaas9793. https://cloudfront.escholarship.org/dist/prd/content/qt16109441/qt16109441.pdf
Lehne, J., & Preston., F. June 2018. Making Concrete Change: Innovation in Low-carbon Cement and Concrete. Chatham House Report. http://bit.ly/2Vlb3oC
Timperley, J. September 13 2018. Q&A: Why cement emissions matter for climate change. https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-why-cement-emissions-matter-for-climate-change
World Bank. 2019. World Development Indicators: Urban population. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.TOTL
Can You Recover Sound From Images?Is it possible to reconstruct sound from high-speed video images?
Part of this video was sponsored by LastPass: http://bit.ly/2SmRQkk
Special thanks to Dr. Abe Davis for revisiting his research with me: http://abedavis.com
This video was based on research by Dr. Abe Davis and colleagues. I found out about this work years ago and was fascinated by the way he was able to capture vibration information in image-only video. I always imagined the motions of objects would be visible as when recording a tuning fork in slow motion - so deriving sound from high speed images seemed a feasible task. But the reality is much more difficult.
Sound vibrations only cause objects to wiggle by about a micrometer. This is much smaller than a pixel, so the algorithm must understand the characteristics of the image. A move in one direction should cause some pixels to lighten slightly, while others darken - and this behavior is correlated along the edges of the image. So noise can be reduced because it's random over the image and there are enough places to sample that you can get it to cancel out.
Something I'm wondering now is - would it be possible to capture sound in a single image? I'm thinking it would have to be an image of a large object or space because the wavelengths of typical sounds are quite long. Maybe a high frequency sound could be imaged in a suitable medium...
Animations by Alan Chamberlain
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How ISPs Violate the Laws of MathematicsGet a free trial of Audible at https://audible.com/minutephysics or by texting 'minutephysics' to 500500
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This joke video is about how Internet Service Providers (aka ISPs, internet companies, telecommunications companies, etc) violate the basic axioms of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory. Like the axiom of choice (sometimes Well-ordering theorem), the Axiom of extensionality, Axiom of regularity (also called the Axiom of foundation), Axiom schema of specification, Axiom of pairing, Axiom of union, Axiom schema of replacement, Axiom of infinity, Axiom of power set.
Minute Physics provides an energetic and entertaining view of old and new problems in physics -- all in a minute!
Created by Henry Reich
Fluid Dynamics and Aliens! (Okay, Not Really)This week, Dr. Shini Somara goes toe to toe with Hank in a battle of wits about fluid dynamics and life in space.
Hosted by: Michael Aranda
Check out Shini on Crash Course Engineering or Physics: https://www.youtube.com/crashcourse
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Sources:
Boxfish Cars:
http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/12/103/20141146
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/208/2/327.full
http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2015/03/mercedes_benz_bionic_car_boxfish_stability_and_agility_paradox_finally_solved.html
https://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/24272/title/Mercedes-and-the-boxfish/
Life on Mars:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00248-003-1029-4
https://www.nasa.gov/ames/research/space-biosciences/e-mist-2015
https://www.nasa.gov/feature/ames/hitchhiking-to-mars
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/03/uv-light-could-easily-kill-microbial-stowaways-mars
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2013.0989?journalCode=ast&
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/03/bacteria-in-space/520908/
Flies on Titan
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/saturn-moons/titan/in-depth/#surface_otp
http://we-make-money-not-art.com/the-epic-task-of-breeding-fruit-flies-for-life-on-titan/
http://hostprods.net/projects/quest-for-drosophila-titanus/
Flies in Wine:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10886-018-0950-4
https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-017-0427-x
Changing the Blueprints of Life - Genetic Engineering: Crash Course Engineering #38Can we change the blueprints of life? This week we are exploring that question with genetic engineering. We’ll discuss how selective breeding can improve agricultural practices, and the potential DNA-level engineering could have on other fields of engineering. We’ll also look at how optogenetics and CRISPR have opened up new ways for genetic engineers to change the DNA inside living cells.
Crash Course Engineering is produced in association with PBS Digital Studios: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1mtdjDVOoOqJzeaJAV15Tq0tZ1vKj7ZV
Crash Course is on Patreon! You can support us directly by signing up at http://www.patreon.com/crashcourse
Thanks to the following patrons for their generous monthly contributions that help keep Crash Course free for everyone forever:
Eric Prestemon, Sam Buck, Mark Brouwer, Bob Doye, Jennifer Killen, Naman Goel, Patrick Wiener II, Nathan Catchings, Efrain R. Pedroza, Brandon Westmoreland, dorsey, Indika Siriwardena, James Hughes, Kenneth F Penttinen, Trevin Beattie, Satya Ridhima Parvathaneni, Erika & Alexa Saur, Glenn Elliott, Justin Zingsheim, Jessica Wode, Kathrin Benoit, Tom Trval, Jason Saslow, Nathan Taylor, Brian Thomas Gossett, Khaled El Shalakany, SR Foxley, Sam Ferguson, Yasenia Cruz, Eric Koslow, Caleb Weeks, Tim Curwick, D.A. Noe, Shawn Arnold, Malcolm Callis, Advait Shinde, William McGraw, Andrei Krishkevich, Rachel Bright, Jirat, Ian Dundore
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The chaotic brilliance of artist Jean-Michel Basquiat - Jordana Moore SaggeseLearn about the life of American artist Jean-Michel Basquiat, from his start as part of graffiti duo SAMO to his rise as an internationally renowned painter.
--
Like Beat writers who composed their work by shredding and reassembling scraps of writing, artist Jean-Michel Basquiat used similar techniques to remix his materials. Pulling in splintered anatomy, reimagined historical scenes and skulls, he repurposed present day experiences and art history into an inventive visual language. Jordana Moore Saggese explores the chaotic and prolific art of Basquiat.
Lesson by Jordana Moore Saggese, directed by Héloïse Dorsan Rachet.
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Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Lee, Karthik Balsubramanian, Mathew Samuel, Turine Tran, Ido brown, Nathaniel Lupus, Anthony Benedict, Helen Lee, Minh Tran, Sami Khan, John Hong, Abeer Rajbeen, Yambu Ganesh Shaw, Aline de Paula Zillig, ml cohen, Ritul Raghavan, Mada Arslan, Nathan Giusti, Steven Razey, paul g mohney, Marisa Miller, Xavier dupont, Eliza Cram, David Lucsanyi, Vack91, calista, Mickey Mikeworth, Khalid AlAli, June Reiling, Jai Prasanth, Connor Ross McIntyre, Michele Lynn Rose, Elija Peterson, Kaitlyn holland, Scott Markley, Jan-Erik , Auxiliadora Trejos, Josue Perez Miranda, Jesse Jurman, NinjaBoffin, Siobhan O'Connor Gwozdz, Po Foon Kwong, Nazmul Idris, Vladimir Ivanchenko, Elizabeth Gu, Felderblick, Faizan, Rayo, Rare Media and France Lipuzic.
Rocket Saw - Smarter Every Day 210We made a ROCKET SAW!! (Sorry, we had to once we thought of it). Get $50 off a Core mattress or $100 off a Wave by visiting https://casper.com/smarter and using promo code smarter at checkout. (Terms and conditions apply.)
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Obviously don't try this.... ever... anywhere.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
GET SMARTER SECTION
Contact us about putting AI in tools →https://www.lantern.systems/projects
Technical details about what we're doing:
We're working on a time-series problem called a Sequence Classification. Recurrent Neural Networks called Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are good for that. It’s what they use for natural language processing because it can remember context from the sentence you’ve just spoken. In this case its used to analyze not just the current timestamp of data, but what has been happening for the last 20 - 250 ms, which helps to reject false alarms.
Deep Learning vs. Inference: https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/2016/08/22/difference-deep-learning-training-inference-ai/
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The thought is it my efforts making videos will help educate the world as a whole, and one day generate enough revenue to pay for my kids college education. Until then if you appreciate what you've learned in this video and the effort that went in to it, please SHARE THE VIDEO!
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The Massive Flood That Triggered an Ice Age (w/ PBS Eons!)13,000 years ago, North America seemed to be thawing from a 2.6 million-year ice age. Then, a huge swath of Earth was suddenly plunged back into the cold for 1,000 years. To understand why we need to talk about megafloods.
Check out the PBS Eons episode about epic floods: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YWZgfPGtQEs&feature=youtu.be
Hosted by: Stefan Chin and Blake De Pastino
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Sources
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00206814.2016.1204748
https://www.clim-past.net/14/969/2018/
https://www.eoas.ubc.ca/research/glaciology/research/Publications/ClarkeLeveringtonTellerDyke(Science-2003).pdf
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.384.6712&rep=rep1&type=pdf
http://www.pnas.org/content/109/49/19928
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0277379194900051
https://web.archive.org/web/20140222170725/http://www.eeescience.utoledo.edu/Faculty/fisher/Fisher/Publications_files/Fisher_etal_QSR02.pdf
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c6ae/39202d3141d5b7efbb205d48eb58e1b2195d.pdf
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0169-6
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature08954
https://sites.physics.utoronto.ca/peltier_wr/selected-publications/pubs_recent/lev-tarasov-w-r-peltier-a-calibrated-deglacial.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277379101001457
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5426/32c53804f2e93b0b8724b68003008093ed6d.pdf
http://assets.cambridge.org/97805218/68525/excerpt/9780521868525_excerpt.pdf
https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2002/pdf/1091.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/31969704_Subglacial_origin_of_Lake_Agassiz-Ojibway_final_outburst_flood
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5dc7/a51fd7af8e06ac932c7b76127c7b971cbb16.pdf
https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/2004/circ1254/pdf/Hold_On/circ1254_051904_old.pdf
https://b8qs92z2k332mma2f5t7n716-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/12/AltaiFlood_red.pdf
http://discovermagazine.com/2013/oct/05-what-killed-off-the-woolly-mammoths
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lost-giants-did-mammoths/
https://www.eoas.ubc.ca/research/glaciology/research/IceDam.html
https://books.google.com/books?id=gXgyHLT_hwIC&pg=PA31#v=onepage&q&f=false
https://www.academia.edu/4296796/Human_Population_Decline_in_North_America_during_the_Younger_Dryas
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/282/5393/1446
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/362/6416/738
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/younger-dryas-comet-impact-cold-snap
https://shubeika.ccrs.ku.dk/about/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/slow-motion-ocean-atlantics-circulation-is-weakest-in-1-600-years/
https://www.livescience.com/31810-big-freeze-flood.html
“Fundamentals of Geomorphology” pg 247 by Richard John Huggett
“The Younger Dryas Climate Event”, The Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science, by A. E. Carlson
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Honeycomb. Strawberries. Flower pods. Some people find these things incredibly scary. We call this extreme fear trypophobia. But why does it exist?
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It’s Okay To Be Smart is hosted by Joe Hanson, Ph.D.
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A Colorful Unsolved Problem - NumberphileJames Grime on the Hadwiger–Nelson problem.
Check out Brilliant (get 20% off their premium service): https://brilliant.org/numberphile (sponsor)
Extra footage from this interview: https://youtu.be/7nBtRKvUox4
The Four Color Map Theorem: https://youtu.be/NgbK43jB4rQ
More on James Grime (you can book him for talks): http://singingbanana.com
More James Grime videos: http://bit.ly/grimevideos
The de Grey paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.02385
A good write up on this topic via Quanta Magazine: https://www.quantamagazine.org/decades-old-graph-problem-yields-to-amateur-mathematician-20180417/
The Marijn Heule counterexample: http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/marijn/CNP/553.png
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Why Do Bees Buzz?Can't get enough bees? Check out this week's bee-themed episode of SciShow Tangents, the SciShow spin-off podcast:
https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/scishow-tangents-bees
There are more than 20,000 species of bees, all of which buzz when they fly, and many of which also do it to communicate. But some bees buzz for a completely different reason that has nothing to do with communication or flight!
Hosted by: Hank Green
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Greg, Alex Schuerch, Alex Hackman, Andrew Finley Brenan, Sam Lutfi, D.A. Noe, الخليفي سلطان, Piya Shedden, KatieMarie Magnone, Scott Satovsky Jr, Charles Southerland, Patrick D. Ashmore, charles george, Kevin Bealer, Chris Peters
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Sources:
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-do-bees-buzz/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/why-do-bees-buzz/
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/02/honeybees-honey-insects-pollen-agriculture/
https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/11/science/unraveling-the-pollinating-secrets-of-a-bees-buzz.html
https://www.wired.com/2015/05/bees-great-pollinating-flowers-vibrators/
https://www.dummies.com/home-garden/hobby-farming/beekeeping/how-to-identify-the-basic-body-parts-of-honey-bees/
Can you solve the jail break riddle? - Dan FinkelYou’re a bank robber trying to escape from jail. Can you solve the riddle to get past the fence to freedom?
--
Your timing made you and your partner infamous bank robbers. Now, you need to use that timing to break out of jail. Your partner is about to flash you a signal, and exactly 45 seconds later the electric fence circuit will short out. Then you notice that your watch is broken, and all you have are two 1-minute fuses in your pocket. Can you time your escape and get free? Dan Finkel shows how.
Lesson by Dan Finkel, directed by Artrake Studio.
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Ecology: Crash Course History of Science #38We’ve explored the origins of modern biology, the earth sciences, and even the sciences of outer space. Now it’s time to put these disciplines together. It's Ecology time!!!
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Are We Ready to Edit the Fetal Genome?Visit https://www.asgct.org/education for more free resources on gene and cell therapy, including progress on a number of promising treatments already in development.
Gene therapy is really complicated both scientifically and ethically. But it also has the potential to do some amazing things - like treating life threatening diseases in babies before they are even born.
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Sources:
https://cen.acs.org/pharmaceuticals/gene-therapy/Fetal-gene-therapy-treat-genetic/96/i30
https://www.nature.com/articles/3300991
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/diagnosis.html
https://cen.acs.org/articles/94/i45/Gene-therapy-ready-comeback.html
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-018-0106-7
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1714322
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02097667
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/experts-gene-therapy/
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/gene-therapy/about/pac-20384619
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17900991
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15851005
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05736-3
Why should you read sci-fi superstar Octavia E. Butler? - Ayana Jamieson and Moya BaileyExplore the works of science fiction visionary Octavia E. Butler, whose novels, such as “Parable of the Sower,” influenced the growing popularity of Afrofuturism.
--
Much science fiction features white male heroes who blast aliens or become saviors of brown people. Octavia E. Butler knew she could tell a better story. She built stunning worlds rife with diverse characters, and brought nuance and depth to the representation of their experiences. Ayana Jamieson and Moya Bailey dive into the works of the visionary storyteller who upended science fiction.
Lesson by Ayana Jamieson and Moya Bailey, directed by Tomás Pichardo-Espaillat.
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Thank you so much to our patrons for your support! Without you this video would not be possible! Tirath Singh Pandher, Athena Grace Franco, Terry Minion, Mauricio Basso, Kelvin Lam, jj5252, Karlee Finch, Chumi Ogbonna, Barthélémy Michalon, Lefty McGoo, Lucas Pincerato, Mohamed Elsayed, Amin Shahril, Mihail Radu Pantilimon, Chris Thompson, Derek Drescher, Karisa Caudill, Zhong Ming Zenny Tan, Christina Salvatore, Brady Jones, Todd Gross, Alexis Hevia, Heidi Stolt, Robert Seik, Coenraad Keuning, Charles A Hershberger, Laura Cameron Keith, Abhishek Goel, Marc Bou Zeid, JY Kang, Anastasiia , Madee Lo, Arpita Singh, Karl Laius, Tu-Anh Nguyen, Guy Hardy, Brandy Sarver, Jose Arcadio Valdes Franco, Akinola Emmanuel, igor romanenko, Dian Atamyanov, Abhishek Bansal, Austin Randall, Ryan B Harvey, Jennifer Kurkoski, phkphk123321, Arlene Weston, Mehmet Yusuf Ertekin, Ten Cha and Les Howard.
Mouth-Peeing and 5 Other Extreme Turtle TraitsThis video was supported by KiwiCo. Learn more about KiwiCo’s seven different subscription options here: kiwico.com/scishow
From peeing out of their mouths to being capable of living in icy water, turtles have evolved remarkable, but a little bit bizarre traits to survive.
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Sources:
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2018/09/turtles-endangered-biodiversity-ecology-tortoise-terrapin-animals/
https://academic.oup.com/bioscience/article/68/10/771/5079873
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/07/30/379933
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19575239
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26940060
https://brill.com/abstract/journals/amre/31/1/article-p97_9.xml
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/205/10/1495.short
https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/3892218.pdf
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmor.1051720106
https://academic.oup.com/icb/article/41/6/1299/241319
https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/australian-snake-necked-turtle
https://www.jstor.org/stable/1443705
http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1674/0003-0031(2008)160%5B61:EAATAE%5D2.0.CO%3B2
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10577-006-1029-6
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18679815
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/experts-temperature-sex-determination-reptiles/
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2013.2460
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature06519
https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/279441
https://academic.oup.com/icb/article/54/5/757/2797857
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19625321
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/leatherback-sea-turtles-can-measure-sunlight-through-their-skulls-180952703/
https://conserveturtles.org/information-about-sea-turtles-leatherback-sea-turtle/
https://www.seeturtles.org/sea-turtle-migration/
https://www.nps.gov/pais/learn/nature/leatherback.htm
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsbl.2015.0592
http://theconversation.com/leatherback-sea-turtles-use-mysterious-compass-sense-to-migrate-hundreds-of-miles-38519
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/177/4051/791
https://www.nature.com/articles/244181a0
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022098106001663
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-decline-of-the-pig-nosed-turtle-29463559/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23125335
https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/fly-river-turtle
https://batrachos.com/sites/default/files/pictures/Books/vitt_caldwell_2014_herpetology.pdf
https://peerj.com/articles/4565/
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222933.2016.1180720
https://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/urea-turtle-finds-unusual-excretion-12-10-16/
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/215/21/3723
https://www.livescience.com/23893-turtle-pees-from-mouth.html
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/215/21/ii
http://publications.rzsnsw.org.au/doi/pdf/10.7882/AZ.2010.016
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/207/17/3099
https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00454.x
http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z03-037#.XCUO3s82qu4
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You'd think if we can tell when a star is about to implode that we could predict when a giant hole is about to open up here on earth and ruin our day. So why are sinkholes still so hard to predict?
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Great Whites May Have Taken Out Megalodon 3.6 Million Years Ago | SciShow NewsSkillshare is offering SciShow viewers two months of unlimited access to Skillshare for free! Try it here: https://skl.sh/scishow-13
Megalodon is the largest shark that’s ever existed, and according to Hollywood it’s alive and well. But according to scientists, it’s definitely extinct, and it was probably thanks to its smaller cousins, great white sharks.
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Sources:
Megalodon:
https://peerj.com/articles/6088/
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0091419
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23066865
https://earthsky.org/earth/supernovae-killed-off-megalodon-large-ocean-animals-extinction-pleistocene
Sevengills:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-37576-6
http://lajamjournal.org/index.php/lajam/article/view/182
Image Sources:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Megalodon_scale.svg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/dinosaur-fossils-megalodon-tooth-mosasaurus-tooth-spinosaurus-tooth-tyrannosaurus-rex-gm916329722-252151326
https://peerj.com/articles/6088/
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SN1994D.jpg
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/the-great-white-shark-gm503988446-82899123
https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/a-broadnose-sevengill-shark-swims-in-the-aquarium-a-sevengill-shark-has-seven-pairs-gm1083283940-290615423
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:170121-Sevengill-04_DSC0632.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:170121-Sevengill-02_DSC0627_(1).jpg
The Horrible Reason Rolly Pollies are Sometimes BlueSkillshare is offering SciShow viewers two months of unlimited access to Skillshare for free!
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If you uncover a bunch of rolly pollies under a log, you don't expect to find a bright blue one crawling among all the usual grays and browns. But it turns out your fun surprise is some very bad luck for that terrestrial isopod.
Hosted by: Michael Aranda
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Sources:https://www4.uwm.edu/FLL/linguistics/dialect/staticmaps/q_74.html
http://tolweb.org/Isopoda
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237147069_Iridovirus_infection_in_terrestrial_isopods_from_Sicily_Italy
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022201180900415
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0044848616302800
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01110.x
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5923455/
http://trevorwilliams.info/AVR_2005.pdf [PDF]
http://www.trevorwilliams.info/Iridovirus.htm
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128009468000088
https://www.asu.edu/courses/phs208/patternsbb/PiN/rdg/color/color.shtml
https://academy.allaboutbirds.org/how-birds-make-colorful-feathers/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123970145000067
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rstb.1994.0095
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15841225
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0122267656003935
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/bragg.html
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0013181
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rspb.1993.0033
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14567216
This Will Most Likely Kill YouThis video is sponsored by Bill and Melinda Gates. Check out their 2019 annual letter here: https://b-gat.es/2MXD5Dy
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An unsung hero of the civil rights movement - Christina GreerLearn about the life of Bayard Rustin, a leader in the Civil Rights Movement, a gay rights activist, and one of Martin Luther King’s closest advisors.
--
In 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech at the March on Washington to nearly a quarter million people. None of it would have been possible without the march’s chief organizer – a man named Bayard Rustin. Christina Greer details his life of advocacy as a leader in the Civil Rights Movement, and the challenges he faced as an openly gay black man.
Lesson by Christina Greer, directed by Anton Bogaty.
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Over the years, lots of explanations have been proposed as the origin of Stonehenge, including lost technologies, outright magic, and — of course — aliens. What do we actually know about this prehistoric mystery?
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Sources:
History and Construction:
https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/stonehenge/history-and-stories/history/
https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/stonehenge/history-and-stories/building-stonehenge/
http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/20587/1/Antiquity%202012%20(Stonehenge%20Remodelled).pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311767763_Stonehenge_Amesbury_Wiltshire_-_Chronological_Modelling
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/05/23/stonehenge-wasnt-so-hard-to-build-after-all-archaeologists-disco/
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/retracing-the-footsteps-of-hh-thomas-a-review-of-his-stonehenge-bluestone-provenancing-study/CAD5AD26468F0FF5433BA78B9FECF1FC
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/D1E66A287D494205D22881CBF1F6DDE8/S0003598X15001775a.pdf/craig-rhos-y-felin-a-welsh-bluestone-megalith-quarry-for-stonehenge.pdf
https://www.livescience.com/62619-did-glaciers-carry-stonehenge-bluestones.html
https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences-and-law/anthropology-and-archaeology/archaeology-general/stonehenge#1
https://d.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/text/geoffrey-of-monmouth-arthurian-passages-from-the-history-of-the-kings-of-britain
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0016787815000899
Dead and Burials:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-28969-8
http://dro.dur.ac.uk/5849/1/5849.pdf
http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1474049/1/Dead%20of%20Stonehenge%20Antiquity%20final%20version.pdf
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-11421593
https://www.wessexarch.co.uk/our-work/explore-stonehenge-landscape
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Zebras and horses are very similar - so why do we only ride one but not the other?
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Sources:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26348970
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4130665/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4501558/
http://www.galton.org/essays/1860-1869/galton-1865-domestication-animals.pdf
http://www.academia.edu/3374116/Early_hominid_hunting_butchering_and_carcass-processing_behaviors_Approaches_to_the_fossil_record
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0262407909606916
http://blogs.ucdavis.edu/egghead/2016/05/25/do-zebras-stripes-confuse-biting-flies/
http://fubini.swarthmore.edu/~ENVS2/S2007/llam1/horses1.html
https://thomsonsafaris.com/blog/taming-zebras-domestication-attempts/
https://www.sciencealert.com/this-is-why-zebras-have-never-been-domesticated
https://slate.com/human-interest/2013/09/can-zebras-be-domesticated-and-trained.html
https://www.livescience.com/33870-domesticated-animals-criteria.html
http://www.pbs.org/gunsgermssteel/variables/zebra.html
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-horses-history-idUSTRE5246HI20090305
http://discovermagazine.com/2002/mar/featride
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2569316?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
Three ways the universe could end - Venus KeusOur universe started with the Big Bang, but how will it end? Explore cosmologists’ three possible scenarios: the Big Crunch, the Big Freeze and the Big Rip.
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We know about our universe’s past: the Big Bang theory predicts that all matter, time and space began about 14 billion years ago. And we know about the present: scientists’ observations of galaxies tell us that the universe is expanding at an accelerated rate. But what about the future? Do we know how our universe is going to end? Venus Keus explores cosmologists’ three possible scenarios.
Lesson by Venus Keus, directed by Antimatter Studio.
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When Three Species Combine: Multi-Species HybridsSkillshare is offering SciShow viewers two months of unlimited access to Skillshare for free!
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Hybrid organisms are rare, and most end up sterile, like mules. But sometimes, three or more species come together to create multi-species hybrids, and they can and have been really useful.
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Sources:
Air Travel and The Space Race: Crash Course History of Science #37Like the Industrial or the Einsteinian Revolution, the Space Race is a trope, or way of organizing historical events into a story that makes sense. In this story, the two great powers that emerged after World War Two—the United States and Soviet Union—competed to send communications satellites, dogs, and people into outer space…
***
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How Microwaving Grapes Makes PlasmaA bisected grape in the microwave makes plasma. But how does it work? A grape is the right size and refractive index to trap microwaves inside it. When you place two (or two halves) close together the fields interact with each other creating a maximum of electromagnetic energy where they touch. This creates heating, sparks, and plasma, which is further fed with energy directly by the microwaves.
Huge thanks to Hamza Khattak, Prof. Pablo Bianucci and Prof. Aaron Slepkov (unavailable for the call) for chatting to me and helping me understand the physics of this cool phenomenon.
Linking plasma formation in grapes to microwave resonances of aqueous dimers
https://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1818350116
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Thanks also to Steve Bosi, my original plasma collaborator.
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Will-o'-the-Wisps and 5 Other Mysteries Science Can ExplainSkillshare is offering SciShow viewers two months of unlimited access to Skillshare for free!
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The world doesn't have to be shrouded in mystery to be fascinating! Here are 6 mysteries that science has managed to solve.
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Sources:
The Bloop:
https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/bloop.html
https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/8qpvdx/the-bloop-an-underwater-mystery-that-took-nearly-20-years-to-solve
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